Communicative Functions of the language

A comunica în societate(a saluta, a face prezentări, a oferi un obiect în mod politicos, a cere permisiunea de a întrerupe o conversaţie, a face urări cu o anumită ocazie, a exprima mirarea/curiozitatea/aprobarea/indiferenţa)

Hi!/Hello!

Good morning!/afternoon!/evening!

How are you?/What’s up?

How do you do?

I’m...

My name is...

Let me introduce you to...

This is...

Help yourself with...

Have a/an...

Will you have a/an...?

Sorry yo interrupt you, but...

Excuse me, but...

May I say...?

Will you excuse me if...?

Will you allow me to say that...?

Excuse my interference, but...

May you have a/an...!

Happy...!

Long live...!

Have a nice/safe...!

Really?/Oh, no!

Good lord!/Heavens!

Well, I never...!/ Never!

That’s amazing!/extraordinary!

I don’t believe it!

Get out of here!

I find it totally surprising!/incredible!

I’d like to know what happened in the end...

I must say it came as a total surprise!

I’m sure it was...

It’s a good thing that...

Thank goodness that...

What a relief!

Al long last!

There’s no wonder that...

So, what’s new...

Not another story about...

I’m not really interested in stories about...

I’m not surprised that...

Exerciţii aplicative

Continue the following dialogues by filling the spaces with the above expressions. Continuaţi dialogurile următoare, completând spaţiile goale cu expresiile de mai sus:

Tom:........................................ I’m……………And this is..............................................................

Jane: Hi!.............................................................................................................Nice to meet you!

Tom:.....................................................................................................................................................

Secretary: Sorry to interrupt you, but this letter has just come for you. It’s urgent!

Boss:..........................................? What a surprise!

S: Well, what does it say?

B: Happy.............................................................................................................................!

Mother: Here are your final grade in school.

Son: They are not quite good.

M:........................................................................ I don’t want to hear another lie from you!

S: I didn’t have enough time to study.

M:.......................................................................................... You have been playing football all the time!

Communicative Functions of the language

convinge, determina cursul unei acţiuni(a exprima propuneri/decizii/planul unei acţiuni, a da instrucţiuni, a încuraja/avertiza pe cineva)

I think...

It’s better to...

I now realise that...

Why don’t we...

How about...?

It has just dawned upon me that...

Maybe it’s better to...

I decided that...

I vote for...

I tend to be in favour of...

My point is that...

First...then...

Begin with...and...

Don’t forget to...

Good luck with...

Try to...

It’ll be OK to...

It’s nice to...

Watch out with.../Be careful with...

Look out!

Keep an eye on..

Check the...

See if...

I’d like to draw your attention on...

Exerciţii aplicative

Make a conversation with your deskmate and try to persuade him/her to change the initial plan of a project you have to draw together.Use the above expressions.  Faceţi o conversaţie cu colegul/colega de bancă, şi încercaţi să-l/s-o convingeţi să schimbaţi planul iniţial al unui proiect pe care trebuie să-l faceţi împreună. Folosiţi expresiile de mai sus:

You:...................................................................................................................................................

Deskmate:.........................................................................................................................................

Y:......................................................................................................................................................

D:.......................................................................................................................................................

Y:......................................................................................................................................................

D:......................................................................................................................................................

Y:.......................................................................................................................................................

D:......................................................................................................................................................

Y:........................................................................................................................................................

D:......................................................................................................................................................

Communicative Functions of the language

A exprima şi descoperi atitudini/emoţii(a exprima şi a solicita o opinie, a exprima motive, a accepta şi refuza o ofertă/ invitaţie, a exprima obligaţia/interdicţia de a face ceva, a trage concluzii, a exprima opinii personale, a exprima o dorinţă/necesitate, a exprima preferinţele, a exprima intenţia, a folosi stilul formal/informal, a da sfaturi, a cere scuze).

Do you like...?

Yes, I like it very much

No, I don’t like it at all!

It’s great!It’s awful!

It’ s interesting...

That’s amazing!/extraordinary!

I’d choose...

Do you agree with me when I say that...?

Right1/Too true!/You’re absolutely right!

I absolutely agree with...

Oh, quite/ exactly/definitely...

That’s precisely my opinion...

Mm/yes?/Could be...but...

True, but don’t you think...?

Possibly, but you must admit...

I see what you mean, but...

That’s one way of looking at it, but...

Yes, but on the other hand...

I agree in principle/on the whole, but...

Nonsense!/ No way! /Never!

You must be joking!

I’m afraid I disagree with...

I’m afraid I can’t accept...

I see things rather differently(myself)

What do you think/feel about...?

I agree with you/ I don’t agree...

I think/believe/feel...

You should...

If I were you, I’d...

I’d prefer...

I’d rather...

I wish...

I think it would be better...

You’d better...

I would suggest that...

To my mind...

It strikes me that...

I’m totally opposed to...

I’m in favour of...

It seems to me that...

On balance, I’d say that...

I feel very strongly that...

I’m absolutely convinced that...

I tend to think that...

There’s no point in...(-ing)

I think it’s worth...(-ing)

They say that..., but I...

It is believed that...but...

People think...but what they do not realise is...

Contrary to what is believed, I would say that...

Will you come to...?/How about...?

I would be glad to...

I’m sorry, I don’t think I can...

I’m busy with...

I will definitely be there...

I’d love to...

I’ll surely miss...

It’ll be my pleasure to...

I hate...(-ing)

I dislike...(-ing)

I’m not in favour of...(-ing)

I’m not a total supporter of...

May I...?/Must I...?

I  must/may...

It’s not totally necessary to...

It’s compulsory to...

It’s absolutely necessary to...

I’m forced to...

I have to...

I don’t have to.../needn’t...

Exerciţii aplicative

Sort 8 of the above expressions on two columns, according to their degree of formality. Selectaţi 8 din expresiile de mai sus pe două coloane, după gradul de formalitate:

Formal	Informal	Neutru
I absolutely agree with... ..................................................... ..................................................... ...................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... .................................................... .................................................... .................................................... ..................................................... .................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ...................................................... .....................................................	Right! .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ..................................................	I like it! ............................................. ............................................. .............................................. .............................................. ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ................................................ ................................................ ................................................ ................................................ ................................................ ................................................

Communicative Functions of the language

A solicita şi da informaţii (informaţii generale, de ordin personal, privind originea, infromaţii despre programul zilnic/săptămânal etc, despre vreme, diverse evenimente)

 Could I have more details about...?

Yes, of course.../definitely.../sure...

No, I’m sorry...

I’m afraid...

How  far is...?

Quite far/not very   far....

Two/three....minutes away by car/tram/on foot

One/two... bus stops.

how can I get to...?/can  you tell me where....is?

turn...then...

Of course, it’s simple...

Take...

I don’t know the area...

I’m sorry...

can I pay in cash when I arrive to...?

of course you can...

I’m afraid you can’t...

Where do you come from?

I come from Romania/Spain/France...

Are you from Romania/Spain/France...?

Yes...

No, I’m not. I’m from...

How often do you come here?

Quite often...

Not very often...

Once/twice/three times a week/day...

What do you usually do in the week-ends/on Sundays...?

I go fishing/out with my friends/read/watch TV...

Do you think it’ll rain today/tomorrow...?

Yes, it is possible...

No, I don’t think so...

Definitely...

Fine day today, isn’t it?

Yes, I  suppose so...

I wouldn’t say ...

Exerciţii aplicative

Make up a tourist-receptionist, secretary-boss, and friend-friend conversation using the above formulas. Faceţi o conversaţie între turist-recepţioner, secretară-şef, prieten-prieten, folosind formulele de mai sus:

Tourist:............................................................................................................................................... Receptionist:........................................................................................................................................ T........................................................................................................................................................... R:.......................................................................................................................................................... T:.......................................................................................................................................................... R:..........................................................................................................................................................

Boss..................................................................................................................................................... Secretary:............................................................................................................................................ B:......................................................................................................................................................... S:......................................................................................................................................................... B:......................................................................................................................................................... S..........................................................................................................................................................

Friend 1:............................................................................................................................................. Friend 2:............................................................................................................................................. F1:...................................................................................................................................................... F2:....................................................................................................................................................... F1:....................................................................................................................................................... F2:.......................................................................................................................................................